The Python match-case statement conditionally executes code depending on the value of an expression. It is meant to simplify if-elif-else chains where the conditions are comparisons of the same expression to different values. First introduced in Python version 3.10, the match-case syntax is a relatively late addition to the language.
The Python while-else clause is an additional, optional syntax Python's while loop supports, similar to the else clause in the for loop. It enables you to execute a code block after the loop has finished normally, that is, after the while loop's condition has become false. Abnormal, premature termination, due to reasons such as a break or return statement, skips that code.
The Python for-else clause is an additional, optional syntax Python's for loop has. It enables you to execute a code block after the loop had finished normally, that is, after all the items in the loop's iterable object have been iterated over. Abnormal, premature termination, due to reasons such as a break or return statement, skips that code.
The Python pass statement serves as a no-operation placeholder. It simply means "do nothing". However, despite its lazy nature, it is useful as a placeholder for code that you are going to fill in later. Because code blocks in Python are marked with indentations, Python statements that require code blocks underneath them need something to be indented, and the pass statement serves that purpose.
A do-while loop ensures code executes at least once, checking the termination condition at the end. Although Python lacks a native do-while loop, it can be emulated using a 'while True' loop with a 'break' statement when a certain condition is met.
The Python continue statement is used to skip the remaining code in the current loop iteration and proceed to the next one. It can be used with both the for and while loops. In nested loops, continue only impacts the innermost loop.
The Python break statement allows you to prematurely exit a loop before its natural completion. This statement is handy when you want to stop a loop's execution for a condition that is not convenient to check under the loop's normal syntax. It can be used with both the for and while loops. While useful in for loops with a specific end condition, it's crucial for while loops where the end condition isn't predetermined. In nested loops, break only exits the innermost loop, which can cause errors if not managed correctly.
The Python while loop allows for the repetition of a code block based on a specified condition. It uses the syntax "while condition:" followed by a code block to execute as long as the condition is true. It's possible to create an infinite loop that can be terminated using the "break" statement.
The Python for loop allows the repetition of code for each item in an iterable. It uses the syntax "for element in sequence" followed by a code block. The range() function generates a sequence of numbers, and nested for loops iterate over complex data structures.
The ternary operator in Python offers a concise way to express conditional logic, allowing you to assign a value based on a condition. Its syntax is: "value_if_true if condition else value_if_false". It can be embedded within expressions for compact conditional computations. Unlike the one-line if statement, it operates on expressions with values and does not support value-less statements.
